2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N1965
    Gaultherin
    		Inhibitor 99.44%
    Gaultherin is an orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Gaultherin selectively inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, COX-2 (IC50 = 0.35 mg/mL), LOX (IC50 = 0.56 mg/mL) and HYAL (IC50 = 28.58 μg/mL) to exert anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects. Gaultherin exhibits modest direct antioxidant capacity, greater in cell-based models. Gaultherin does not affect COX-1 so that avoids the common gastrointestinal side effects of Aspirin (HY-14654).
    Gaultherin
  • HY-RS08107
    MAPK14 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    MAPK14 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for MAPK14 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    MAPK14 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-N11011
    Withaphysalin A
    		Inhibitor 98%
    Withaphysalin A is a withanolide compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Withaphysalin A inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, as well as phosphorylation of STAT3, ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK. Withaphysalin A upregulates the expression of HO-1. Withaphysalin A inhibits LPS-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Withaphysalin A downregulates LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2. Withaphysalin A interacts with B-cell activating factor protein (BAFF) to exert inhibitory effects. Withaphysalin A exhibits ELOVL6 inhibitory activity. Withaphysalin A can be used in the research of inflammatory diseases, nephrotic syndrome and chronic myeloid leukemia.
    Withaphysalin A
  • HY-10578R
    PD 169316 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    PD 169316 (Standard) is the analytical standard of PD 169316 (HY-10578). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. PD 169316 is a potent, cell-permeable and selective p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 selectively inhibits the kinase activity of the phosphorylated p38 without hindering upstream kinases to phosphorylate p38. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.
    PD 169316 (Standard)
  • HY-B0188AR
    Mianserin hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Mianserin hydrochloride (Org GB 94) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mianserin hydrochloride. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mianserin hydrochloride is an orally active H1 receptor antagonist. Mianserin hydrochloride can activate κ-opioid receptor and octopamine receptor. Mianserin hydrochloride increases ERK1/2 and CREB phosphorylation, and antagonizes full κ-opioid agonist and Dynorphin A (HY-P1333)-induced MAPK phosphorylation. Mianserin hydrochloride modulates social and exploratory behaviour, raises electroconvulsive thresholds. Mianserin hydrochloride can be used for the research of neurological disease, such as depression and epilepsy.
    Mianserin hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-10256R
    Adezmapimod (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Adezmapimod (Standard) is the analytical standard of Adezmapimod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Adezmapimod (SB 203580) is a selective and ATP-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 500 nM for SAPK2a/p38 and SAPK2b/p38β2, respectively. Adezmapimod inhibits LCK, GSK3β and PKBα with IC50s of 100-500-fold higher than that for SAPK2a/p38. Adezmapimod can inhibit p38 MAPK and lead to the inhibition of downstream HSP27 phosphorylation. Adezmapimod does not disrupt JNK activity and is an autophagy and mitophagy activator.
    Adezmapimod (Standard)
  • HY-10401R
    VX-702 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    VX-702 (Standard) is the analytical standard of VX-702. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. VX-702 is a highly selective inhibitor of p38α MAPK, 14-fold higher potency against the p38α versus p38β.
    VX-702 (Standard)
  • HY-N2908R
    Atraric acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Atraric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Atraric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Atraric acid (Methyl atrarate) is a specific androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Atraric acid represses the expression of the endogenous prostate specific antigen gene in both LNCaP and C4-2 cells. Atraric acid can also inhibit the synthesis of NO and cytokine, and suppress the MAPK-NFκB signaling pathway. Atraric acid can be used to research prostate diseases and inflammatory diseases[1][2].
    Atraric acid (Standard)
  • HY-120111A
    MW-150 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    MW-150 hydrochloride (MW01-18-150SRM hydrochloride) is a selective, CNS penetrant, and orally active inhibitor of p38α MAPK with a Ki of 101 nM. MW-150 hydrochloride (MW01-18-150SRM hydrochloride) inhibits the ability of the endogenous p38α MAPK to phosphorylate an endogenous substrate MK2 in activated glia.
    MW-150 hydrochloride
  • HY-120111B
    MW-150 dihydrochloride dihydrate
    		Inhibitor
    MW-150 dihydrochloride dihydrate (MW01-18-150SRM dihydrochloride dihydrate) is a selective, CNS penetrant, and orally active inhibitor of p38α MAPK with a Ki of 101 nM. MW-150 dihydrochloride dihydrate (MW01-18-150SRM dihydrochloride dihydrate) inhibits the ability of the endogenous p38α MAPK to phosphorylate an endogenous substrate MK2 in activated glia.
    MW-150 dihydrochloride dihydrate
  • HY-10406A
    Talmapimod hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Talmapimod (SCIO-469) hydrochloride is an orally active and selective inhibitor of p38α MAPK with an IC50 of 9 nM. Talmapimod hydrochloride inhibits the secretion of inflammatory factors (such as TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and VEGF) by suppressing the p38α MAPK pathway, and it also inhibits angiogenesis and osteoclast activation. Talmapimod hydrochloride inhibits the growth of multiple myeloma cells and induces apoptosis. Talmapimod hydrochloride can be used to study various hematological malignancies (such as multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome).
    Talmapimod hydrochloride
  • HY-122068
    ITX5061 free base
    		Inhibitor
    ITX5061 free base is an orally active type II non-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor. ITX5061 free base increases HDL-C levels by inhibiting SR-BI activity. ITX5061 free base also moderately elevates ApoA-I levels. ITX5061 free base reduces early atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch of mice fed an atherogenic diet. ITX5061 free base can be used in the research of atherosclerosis.
    ITX5061 free base
  • HY-114038
    SB-747651A
    		Inhibitor
    SB-747651A is an ATP-competitive mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM. SB-747651A also inhibits PRK2, RSK1, p70S6K and ROCK-II. SB-747651A can be used for inflammation research.
    SB-747651A
  • HY-181931
    Autotaxin-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    Autotaxin-IN-8 (Compound 14E) is an orally active Autotaxin inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.2 nM against hAutotaxin. Autotaxin-IN-8 inhibits Autotaxin activity, MAPK activation, LPAR1 and p-ERK1/2. Autotaxin-IN-8 reduces the phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38. Autotaxin-IN-8 decreases collagen deposition in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Autotaxin-IN-8 can be used in research related to pulmonary fibrosis.
    Autotaxin-IN-8
  • HY-W745090
    Isomaltulose monohydrate
    		Inhibitor
    Isomaltulose monohydrate is a fMLP inhibitor and also inhibits Src kinase, ERK1/2, p38 and AKT phosphorylation signals in immune regulation. Isomaltulose monohydrate can interfere with the interaction between the βγ subunit of the fMLP receptor Gi protein and its downstream molecules, thereby inhibiting fMLP-induced respiratory burst. Isomaltulose monohydrate inhibits fMLP (0.1 μM)-induced superoxide anion production (IC50: 1.98 μM) , cathepsin G release (IC< sub>50: 2.76 μM) and chemotaxis. Isomaltulose monohydrate can improve excessive activation of neutrophils and reduce inflammation or tissue damage. A series of derivatives of Isomaltulose monohydrate are found to have inhibitory effects on FSGS-related TRPC6 functional mutants.
    Isomaltulose monohydrate
  • HY-163115
    2-Oleoxyphenethyl phosphocholin
    		Inhibitor
    2-Oleoxyphenethyl phosphocholin (compound 1b) is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with anticancer activity. 2-Oleoxyphenethyl phosphocholin may bind to the p38 MAPK lipid-binding pocket and has broad-spectrum anti-tumor and lipid-modulating activities.
    2-Oleoxyphenethyl phosphocholin
  • HY-B1014S1
    Acenocoumarol-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Acenocoumarol-d4 is deuterium labeled Acenocoumarol (HY-B1014). Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant that functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. Acenocoumarol inhibits MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, reduces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, activates Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Acenocoumarol induces apoptosis in cell A549, arrests cell cycle at S phase.
    Acenocoumarol-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-182103
    ZAK-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    ZAK-IN-2 (Compound 8) is a selective, covalent ZAK inhibitor with an IC50 of 11.5 nM. ZAK-IN-2 forms a covalent bond with Cys22 in the P-loop of ZAK to inhibit its kinase activity. ZAK-IN-2 inhibits the phosphorylation of the downstream target p38. ZAK-IN-2 blocks Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced cleavage of Caspase 3. ZAK-IN-2 is applicable to research related to myocardial hypertrophy.
    ZAK-IN-2
  • HY-171096
    PAR2 modulator-1
    		Inhibitor
    PAR2 modulator-1 (Compound C781) is a protease activated receptor type 2 (PAR2) antagonist. PAR2 modulator-1 can specifically inhibit the PAR2-dependent MAPK signaling pathway with an IC50 value of 8.5 μM. PAR2 modulator-1 can block the pain response triggered by PAR2 agonists. PAR2 modulator-1 can be used for the researches of inflammation, immunology and neurological disease, such as chronic pain and asthma.
    PAR2 modulator-1
  • HY-P11242
    Cm-CATH2
    		Inhibitor
    Cm-CATH2 is an antimicrobial peptide discovered from Chelonia mydas. Cm-CATH2 has a potent, broad-spectrum and rapid bactericidal ability by rapidly destroying the integrity of bacterial cell membranes. It shows strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria (such as VREF, Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and fungi (such as Candida albicans) with MICs ranges from 1.17 to 18.75 μg/mL. Cm-CATH2 is also effective against various aquatic pathogenic bacteria. Cm-CATH2 not only inhibits biofilm formation but can also remove the formed biofilms. Cm-CATH2 has immunomodulatory functions and chemotactic effects on immune cells, and can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages stimulated by LPS (HY-D1056). Cm-CATH2 prevents the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting the degradation of IκBα, and also inhibits the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways (p38, JNK, ERK). Cm-CATH2 demonstrates strong anti-infective ability in mouse peritonitis models and pneumonia models.
    Cm-CATH2
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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